Univers ki rachna aur uske shuruaat se judi koi nishchit gyan hume ab tak nahi hai. Scientists aur astronomers ne iske baare mein kai thoeries aur hypotheses di hain, lekin koi bhi ek nishchit uttar ab tak nahi mila hai.
Yah hai kuch mukhya vichar aur theories univers ki rachna ke baare mein:
1. Big Bang Theory: Yeh ek prachin aur adhunik samay ka vistarit vichar hai jo kehta hai ki lagbhag 13.8 billion saal pehle, poora univers ek bahut hi chhota bindu tha jise “singularity” kehte hain. Is bindu ne phir tezi se vistarit hone laga, jisse ki aakashganga aur anya tare aur galaxye bani. Big Bang ke praneta pe ek saath aane wale dhamakedar process ko samjha jata hai.
2. Inflationary Theory: Big Bang Theory ke saath, ek aur theory hai jo kehti hai ki ek bahut hi chhota samay ke liye, shuruaati sthiti mein ek atyant tezi se vistar hone wala avastha (inflationary state) thi. Isse hua ki univers tezi se bada aur uniform ho gaya.
3. Ek Naviin Sankhyik Nyay (Multiverse Theory): Kuch log maante hain ki hamara univers ek matra nahi hai, balki multiple (anek) univers hain, jo alag-alag niyam aur shuruaati sthitiyon mein hain. Is theory ko Multiverse Theory kehte hain.
4. Hawking Radiation: Stephen Hawking ne prastut kiya ki black holes bhi kabhi-kabhi kuch energy chhodte hain jo space mein phail jaati hai. Is prakar se black holes bhi univers ke vistar mein yogdan de sakte hain.
5. Quantum Mechanics aur String Theory: Kuch scientists maante hain ki quantum mechanics aur string theory ke adhar par hi univers ka vistar hua. In theories ke anusaar, sub-atomic particles, energy, aur spacetime ka complex interaction se univers ka vistar hota hai.
Yeh sabhi vichar aur theories hamare vartaman gyan ke adhar par hain, aur future mein isme aur bhi sudhar ho sakte hain. Ab tak, univers ki rachna ke baare mein humare paas koi sidha praman nahi hai, lekin scientists lagatar is par adhyayan aur anusandhan kar rahe hain.
Ji haan, iske alawa kuch aur mahatva purna tatva aur vichar hain jo univers ki rachna se judte hain:
1. Dark Matter aur Dark Energy: Lagbhag 95% se adhik bhaag univers ka humare liye drishtigat nahi hota, jo ki dark matter aur dark energy ke roop mein jaana jata hai. In dono ka prakritik swabhav aur unke adhyayan se hume ab tak saakshat praman nahi mila hai.
2. Entropy aur Thermodynamics: Univers ke vistar ko samajhne mein thermodynamics ka bhi mahatva hai. Entropy ke vruddhi ke karan, hamare vistar ka rachnaatmak vikas aur uski disha par prashna chinh uthte hain.
3. Mool Sankhyik Samasya (The Cosmological Constant Problem): Gravitational force ke karan univers ka vistar kyun ho raha hai, is prashna par uttar paana bhi ek mahatva purna kshetra hai.
4. Quantum Fluctuations: Quantum mechanics ke anusaar, shunyasthal mein bhi lagatar fluctuations hote hain, aur kuch samay ke liye, ek quantum fluctuation ke karan bhi naya univers utpann ho sakta hai.
5. Black Holes: Black holes ke adhyayan se hamare vistar ke rachnatmak tatva ka adhyayan hota hai. Black holes ke madhya yaaschika (singularity) ka gahan adhyayan hume spacetime aur gravitation ke vishesh gunon ko samajhne mein madad karta hai.
6. Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB): Big Bang ke ek pramukh praman ke roop mein, cosmic microwave background radiation ka adhyayan bhi hamare vistar ke shuruaatik avastha ke baare mein gyan pradan karta hai.
7. Baryon Asymmetry: Hamare vistar mein baryons (protons, neutrons) aur antimatter ke beech ka asymmetry bhi ek maha prashna hai jo ab tak samajh me nahi aaya hai.
Yeh kuch aur prashna aur kshetra hain jo ab tak samajh me nahi aaye hain aur jinke adhyayan aur samadhan ke liye scientists aur researchers duniabhar mein kaam kar rahe hain. Isme se kuch prashna, bhavishya mein humare gyan ko aur bhi sudridh karne mein madad kar sakte hain.